The importance of financial analysis in hospital economic management
The content of the hospital financial analysis is mainly based on the different information users and is divided into external analysis content and internal analysis content, the following is the importance of financial analysis in hospital economic management research.
With the deepening of the reform of the health care system, the hospital economic activities have undergone great changes, the trend of hospital management entrepreneurship is becoming more and more obvious. Financial analysis as a means of financial management, the same in hospital management has been widely used. It plays a significant role for hospitals to make scientific decisions, reduce operating costs and improve economic efficiency. The current medical market competition is becoming increasingly fierce, the challenges faced by the hospital will be more serious, in addition to improving the quality of medical services as the main goal, but also must further improve economic efficiency as the goal. Therefore, the hospital wants to improve the competitiveness of the market, strengthen the financial analysis is particularly important.
First, the day of the hospital financial analysis
Hospital financial analysis is based on the hospital's financial statements and other relevant information as the main basis for the evaluation and analysis of the hospital's financial position and operating results, reflecting the hospital in the process of operation of the advantages and disadvantages of the loss of the development trend for the hospital to improve the work of financial management and optimize the economy. Provide important financial information for hospitals to improve financial management and optimize economic decision-making. Specifically: ① financial analysis is an important basis for measuring the completed business results. At present, the financial statements of the hospital mainly include balance sheet, business income and expenditure summary statement, medical income and expenditure details, drug income and expenditure details and basic figures. By analyzing the financial statements and other accounting information, we can understand the solvency of the hospital in a certain period of time, operating capacity and development capacity, so that hospital managers clear financial position and operating results of the hospital. ② Financial analysis is an important means to optimize the asset structure and improve the level of operation. Through the setting and analysis of financial indicators, to find out the various factors affecting the development of the hospital, make full use of human resources and material resources, optimize the asset structure, improve profitability, so that the hospital embarked on a benign development track.
Second, the content and methods of financial analysis of hospitals
(a) the content of financial analysis of hospitals. The content of the hospital financial analysis is mainly based on the different information users and is divided into external analysis and internal analysis of the content, but also set up thematic analysis of the content. External analysis is the external users of the hospital (higher authorities, higher financial departments and account banks and other departments), according to their respective requirements for the analysis of the hospital's financial information. External analysis includes: solvency analysis, profitability analysis, analysis of the efficiency of asset utilization and analysis of the hospital's overall capacity; internal analysis of the hospital's internal managers to provide a basis for decision-making financial analysis. Internal analysis, including financing analysis, investment analysis, analysis of the implementation of the operating budget, analysis of the financial situation and financial results; hospitals can also be based on the actual situation of hospital management to carry out thematic financial analysis, in order to expand the scope of the existing financial analysis, to seek a better market development space.
(ii) the method of hospital financial analysis. Hospital financial analysis methods are; ① trend analysis method. This method can be used for the same hospital in different periods of financial indicators of vertical comparison, can also be used for horizontal comparison between different medical institutions. Using this method, you can analyze the main reasons for changes in indicators, so as to predict the future development trend. However, it is important to note that the comparison of the various periods of data, in the calculation of the caliber must be consistent, and at the same time to subtract the impact of incidental factors, so that the data can reflect the normal operating conditions. Ratio analysis. This method is to calculate the structural ratio, input-output ratio and related ratios to examine the hospital's operating conditions from different perspectives. However, there is a lack of uniform industry standards to determine whether the ratio is high or low, and even if the value of each indicator is calculated, it is difficult to find a standard to compare it with. ③ Factor analysis method. In this method, when a number of factors have an impact on the analyzed indicators, the impact of changes in each factor is determined sequentially, assuming that the other factors remain unchanged. Since the value of the impact of changes in each factor may vary depending on the order of alternative calculations, the problem is how to define the various factors affecting the indicator and the degree of impact of these factors. ④ Comparative analysis method. It is a method to illustrate the quantitative relationships and quantitative differences between financial information and to provide direction for further analysis. This comparison can be the hospital's economic activities during the planning period and the actual period of financial activities of the ratio, can also be the hospital's financial activities in the current period of financial activities and the ratio of the previous financial activities, but also with other medical units in the same industry compared to both horizontal comparison can be taken to compare vertically.
Third, the importance of financial analysis of hospitals
Financial analysis is a process, the entire analysis of the object of specification, through the analysis of the whole of the components, to find out part of the differences in indicators, and then the differences in the various parts of the unification of the whole, to make the overall evaluation. It has an important position in economic management, both in the past economic operation ability to summarize, but also for the future financial development analysis of the forecast.
(a) Financial analysis is an important indicator of the evaluation of the economic situation of the hospital.
Financial statements mainly include balance sheet, business income and expenditure summary statement, medical income and expenditure details, drug income and expenditure details and basic figures table. Financial personnel by analyzing the above statements, fully understand the current hospital's solvency, operating capacity and profitability, the overall operating performance of the hospital reasonable evaluation and analysis, to seize the problem, solve the problem, and promote the improvement of the level of economic management of the hospital, in order to achieve better economic benefits to take a step forward. Financial analysis can understand the hospital's current 'asset operation, to provide the necessary conditions for hospital innovation, but also an effective means of seeking economic benefits, it is the basis of all activities in the hospital, involving a wide range of financial personnel from the analysis of the hospital's current operation of the weaknesses found for business managers to make the right decisions to provide effective evidence, so as to further improve the hospital's current operating conditions.
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(ii) Financial analysis is an important means to achieve financial goals.
With the continuous development of the hospital's various undertakings, the hospital's competitive outlook is broader, the rational allocation of the use of the hospital's existing assets, the important position of financial analysis stands out. Financial analysts through effective financial analysis methods, such as comparative analysis, trend analysis, factor analysis, ratio analysis, etc., and constantly tap the development potential of the hospital to achieve a major breakthrough in weak links, make full use of the existing resources, from all aspects of the gap to find out the full understanding of the unused manpower, material resources, to find out the reasons for the use of improper, and to promote the hospital's efficient operation of business activities. The hospital's operation, in order to seek greater development, to achieve greater accumulation of hospital development fund, but also conducive to the hospital from the rough management to the goal of fine management continue to move forward.
(C) financial analysis is the implementation of economic management of the basis of important decisions.
The economic activities of the hospital is a system of various intricate factors intertwined together, the use of scientific and effective means of hospital economic activities to fully analyze the medical activities of the financial operation of the situation, to grasp the degree of economic decision-making and the objective economic laws of the degree of conformity, will be a large number of financial statement data into a decision-making information useful for the implementation of the economic management of the hospital and the correct economic decision-making provides valuable information. To make correct economic decisions for the hospital to implement economic management and provide a valuable basis. Therefore, the starting point of every major decision of hospital economic managers comes from financial analysis. Financial analysis can understand the hospital's current operating capacity, the risk assessment of investment to provide a certain evaluation basis for hospital economic managers to make important decisions to provide an effective basis. (d) Financial analysis is an important part of improving financial management.
Hospital financial analysis of the hospital has occurred both the financial situation and financial results of the evaluation of the summary, specifically to determine whether the management and use of hospital assets is reasonable, the operation of the funds is safe and effective, an objective evaluation of the completion of the hospital's business plan for the future of the budget, planning and decision-making to provide useful information, but also predict the future development trend of the hospital. Therefore, to strengthen the financial analysis, can more objectively summarize the experience of financial management, reveal the potential problems in financial management and development trend, recognize and master the law of financial activities, improve financial management, and constantly improve the level of financial management of the hospital.
Four, the realization of quality financial analysis measures to explore
With the rapid development of China's medical career, hospitals are facing increasingly serious challenges. Financial analysis as an important means of hospital financial management, the status and role of hospital management is also increasingly important. Hospitals want to improve competitiveness in the market, the realization of quality financial analysis is particularly important. To this end, the following aspects of work should be strengthened.
(a) focus on ex ante analysis.
Financial analysis is to approach the problem with a developmental perspective, is an evaluation of the past, predict the future analysis process. Combined with the rapid development of hospitals in recent years, but the market economic environment, risks and benefits are inevitably the same, the hospital's financial analysis of the hospital's survival and development of the hospital in advance to provide information on the indicators, so that the hospital in the competition invincible. However, at present, many hospitals still exist to a certain extent only focus on the phenomenon of ex post facto analysis, in order to enhance the competition and resilience, hospitals should be analyzed beforehand as the focus of the work, pay attention to do a good job beforehand prediction, early judgment, timely and based on effective information, make the corresponding decision-making work, improve the quality of management, to avoid blindness, in order to promote the hospital's stable and healthy development forward.
(ii) Improve the financial analysis method.
Different stages of analysis, it is very important to choose different methods of financial analysis. Such as the application of pre-analysis, quantitative analysis, the analysis of the trend analysis method, the analysis of the combination of factors with the analysis method. Financial personnel should apply different analytical methods to all stages of financial analysis and management, find the logical relationship between the data, and find out the breakthrough points of economic growth. At the same time, financial personnel should pay attention to the rational use of the financial information provided, in the emphasis on profit indicators, but also do not ignore the innovation indicators. In addition, in the acquisition of financial information, to do a thorough investigation, if necessary, can be in-depth investigation of various departments, pay attention to the mastery of the methodology, there is a spirit of hard work, to obtain a variety of effective indicators affecting the economic and social benefits of the hospital.
(C) improve the overall quality of financial personnel.
To achieve good financial analysis results, improve the overall financial staff's business quality is the key. Financial personnel is the main body of financial activities, only high-quality financial personnel to provide high-quality financial information, if the quality of financial personnel is low, can not update their knowledge in a timely manner, so that the quality of financial information and financial level is not high, will directly affect the quality of financial analysis. Financial personnel should continue to learn, in addition to mastering the fundamentals of accounting and financial management and other accounting theory, should also understand the financial, management, legal and other disciplines, expand knowledge, adjust the knowledge structure, and systematically master the technical methods and techniques of financial analysis, so as to improve the overall quality of the qualified to engage in this work, in order to make a higher level of financial analysis, to provide accurate and reliable leadership of the financial information to reduce decision-making. Financial information to reduce decision-making errors.
(d) Strengthen the analysis of special topics.
Conventional financial analysis focuses on the overall analysis of the hospital's current capital operations, ignoring the weak links in the operation, a new type of economic management for the financial analysis of the analysis of the requirements of a higher analysis, should pay attention to the analysis of weak links, such as ? Analysis of specialized materials? The analysis of specialized materials, the analysis of the weak points in the operation Analysis of revenue growth point? Analysis of the revenue growth point, and analysis of the efficiency of the construction project. Analysis of the efficiency of construction projects? etc., to find out the existing problems, dig out the economic growth point, and make accurate and effective measurement for the overall economic efficiency of the hospital. With the increasingly fierce competition in the medical market, some large-scale equipment, building expansion into major hospitals one after another, focusing on social benefits at the same time, many hospitals do not match the medical income and the funds invested in the financial analysis of hospitals have increased. At this time, the status of thematic analysis stands out. Such as on certain topics to do a good job of prior demonstration, at the same time, after the equipment utilization rate and other sub-assessment, to arrive at the correct market positioning, is conducive to the hospital in the fierce competition to obtain greater economic benefits.
V. Conclusion
Hospital financial financial analysis is one of the important core content of the hospital's economic management, is the hospital a certain period of time the financial situation and medical operation of the analysis and summary, not only on the hospital's internal business structure of the change plays a decisive role, at the same time, the hospital's external investment and internal financing also plays a It also plays a vital role in the external investment and internal financing of the hospital. As a financial control system, the financial analysis of the hospital is based on the comparative analysis, trend analysis, ratio analysis and factor analysis of the hospital's income, expenditure, capital status, financial results and the use of property and materials, objectively evaluating the fulfillment of the hospital's business plan, and judging whether the hospital's property and capital management and use are reasonable, and whether the operation of the assets is safe and effective, and identifying the impacts on social benefits and healthcare operation of the hospital from the intricate and complicated financial activities. In the intricate financial activities to identify the factors affecting the social and economic benefits of the hospital and the degree of influence, at the same time for the hospital's managers on how to strengthen the economic management of the hospital, the rational use of human, material and financial resources to provide a reliable basis and the best economic program, as little as possible to obtain the best possible social and economic benefits from the consumption of labor. By strengthening financial analysis, can more objectively summarize the experience of financial management, reveal the potential problems in financial management and implied development trend, recognize and master the law of financial activities, improve financial management, and constantly improve the level of financial management of hospitals, better serve the development of hospitals.
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