1. Central Brain Pacemaker (DBS): Invented by Prof. Brice, its pulse transmitter needs to be implanted below the pectoralis major muscle through surgery, and the lead wire enters into the brain through the subcutaneous, and a pair of stimulation electrodes are in the cranium, so it is called the central brain pacemaker.
2. Peripheral pacemaker (VNS) :Invented by Prof. Penry, its pulse transmitter is implanted below the pectoralis major muscle through surgery, and the lead wire reaches the vagus nerve through subcutaneous, and a pair of stimulation electrodes is on the vagus nerve. Because the vagus nerve is peripheral, it is called a peripheral brain pacemaker.
To put it bluntly, it's about whether or not to open the skull.